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Children’s Work in African Agriculture
作者
:
出版日期
:
2023/04/28
閱讀格式
:
EPUB
ISBN
:
9781529226065
EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Millions of children throughout Africa undertake many forms of farm and domestic work. Some of this work is for wages, some is on their family’s own small plots and some is forced and/or harmful. This book examines children’s involvement in such work. It argues that framing all children’s engagement in economic activity as ‘child labour’, with all the associated negative connotations, is problematic. This is particularly the case in Africa where many rural children must work to survive and where, the contributors argue, much of the work undertaken is not harmful. The conceptual and case-based chapters reframe the debate about children’s work and harm in rural Africa with the aim of shifting research, public discourse and policy so that they better serve the interest of rural children and their families.
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Table of Contents
- List of Figures, Tables and Boxes
- List of Abbreviations
- Notes on Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Foreword by Michael Bourdillon
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1 Children’s Work in African Agriculture: An Introduction
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Introduction
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Children’s work in African agriculture: the harmful and the harmless
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Family farming in sub-Saharan Africa: change and continuity
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Children and childhood: evolving perspectives
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Children’s work
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Introduction to the chapters
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Notes
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References
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2 Theorizing ‘Harm’ in Relation to Children’s Work
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Introduction
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The mainstream picture of harm
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Key literatures
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Childhood studies
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Anthropology and sociology
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Human geography
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Political science
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Legal studies
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Economics
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Developmental psychology
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Health
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Towards a re-conceptualization of children’s work and harm
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Notes
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References
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3 Understanding Children’s Harmful Work: The Methodological Landscape
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Introduction
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Review of methods
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Quantitative survey methods
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Qualitative and participatory methods
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Certification data
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Investigating prevalence, drivers and dynamics, and impact
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Prevalence
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Drivers and dynamics
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Impact
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Mixed methods design
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Ethics of research with children
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Conclusion
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Notes
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References
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4 Education and Work: Children’s Lives in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa
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Introduction
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Aim and scope of the chapter
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Concepts and definitions
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Education for all
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Educational access
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Who’s not in school, and why?
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What is being done about widening access?
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The relationship between education and work
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Education and work in competition
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Schooling and fit with rural lives and livelihoods
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The edu-workscape: learning, labour and harm
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Harm and work in school
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Violence and bullying
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Child work in school
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Learning (gender) work at home
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Learning at work
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Moving forward
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Context
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Childhoods
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Gender
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New research spaces: the edu-workscape
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Notes
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References
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5 Disabled Children and Work
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Introduction
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Structure of the chapter
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A disability primer
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History and changing concepts
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Children with disabilities
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Disability in Africa and a focus on Ghana
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Focusing on Ghana
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Disability, poverty and work
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From segregation to inclusion
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Research about and with disabled children
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Disabled children and work
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Conclusion
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Notes
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References
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6 Value Chain Governance and Children’s Work in Agriculture
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Introduction
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Value chains
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144Value chain governance
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Value chain interventions
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A typology of value chain governance modalities
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Modality 0: self-consumption
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Modality 1: direct exchange
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Modality 2: spot market mediation
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Modality 3: in-company governance
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Modality 4: collective marketing
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Modality 5: contract farming
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Modality 6: certification schemes
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Modality 7: multistakeholder partnerships
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Next steps
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Note
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References
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7 Blurred Definitions and Imprecise Indicators: Rethinking Social Assistance for Children’s Work
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Introduction
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The harms and benefits of children’s work
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The behavioural model underpinning social assistance provision
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What is known about social assistance and children’s harmful work
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Impact of social assistance on children’s engagement with work
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Hazardscapes, incentives and policy levers
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Conclusion
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Appendix
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Notes
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References
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8 Children’s Work in Ghana: Policies and Politics
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Introduction
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Children’s work in Ghana: a brief introduction
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Regulatory and legislative frameworks
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Key policies and social interventions aimed at preventing and eliminating child labour
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Between a rock and a hard place: child rights and regulation of children’s work
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Traditional socio-cultural constructions of childhood and children’s work
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Conclusions
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Notes
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References
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9 Children’s Work in Shallot Production on the Keta Peninsula, South-Eastern Ghana
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Introduction
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The geography and local economy of the Keta Peninsula
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Overview of shallot production
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History
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Production
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Land
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Labour
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The value chain
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Children’s work
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Drivers of children’s work
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Harmful work and the ‘the worst forms of child labour’
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Research directions
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Notes
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References
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10 Children’s Work in West African Cocoa Production: Drivers, Contestations and Critical Reflections
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Introduction
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Ghanaian cocoa production and global incorporation
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Children’s work in cocoa
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Tasks
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Child labour
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Work and school
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The reality is more complex
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Drivers of children’s work
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Discourses and policy
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Conclusion
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Notes
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References
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11 Children’s Harmful Work in Ghana’s Lake Volta Fishery: Beyond Discourses of Child Trafficking
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Introduction
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Historical, economic and labour context of the Lake Volta fishery
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Fishing on Lake Volta
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Children’s work in the Lake Volta fishery
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Dominant focus on trafficking
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Prevalence of children’s work
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Organization and terms of children’s work
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Tasks and harm
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Drivers of children’s work in the Lake Volta fishery
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Historical and structural drivers
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Ecological factors
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Household level drivers
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Individual decisions
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Policy, key stakeholders and interventions
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Conclusion
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Notes
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References
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12 Children’s Work in African Agriculture: Ways Forward
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Notes
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- Index
- 出版地 : 英國
- 語言 : 英文
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